Uma kukhulunywa ngeTurboCharging Technology, abathakazelayo abaningi bezimoto bajwayelene nomgomo wawo wokusebenza. Isebenzisa amagesi aphelelwa yinjini ukushayela ama-turbine blades, aqhubekisela phambili i-air compressor, andise umoya wenjini. Lokhu ekugcineni kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuqina kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla okukhipha kwenjini yokuhlanganisa yangaphakathi.
Ubuchwepheshe be-turboCharging buvumela izinjini zesimanje zokuhlangana zangaphakathi ukufezekisa ukuphuma kwamandla anelisa ngenkathi kunciphisa ukuthuthwa kwenjini kanye nokuhlangana namazinga okuphuma. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buye bakhula, kwavela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinhlelo zokuqinisa, njenge-turbo eyodwa, i-Twin-turbo, i-supercharging, kanye ne-turbocharging kagesi.
Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngobuchwepheshe obudumile obudumile.
Kungani ama-supercharging ekhona? Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kweSuperCharging ukubhekana nenkinga ye- "Turbo Lag" evame ukutholakala ku-turbocharger ejwayelekile. Lapho injini isebenza ngama-rpms aphansi, amandla okuqeda awanele ukwakha ingcindezi enhle ku-turbo, okuholela ekusheshisweni okubambezelekile kanye nokulethwa kwamandla okungalingani.
Ukuxazulula le nkinga, onjiniyela bezimoto baqhamuka nezixazululo ezahlukahlukene, njengokuhlonza injini ngama-turbes amabili. I-turbo encane ihlinzeka ngokuthuthuka kwama-rpms aphansi, futhi uma ijubane le-Injini liyakhuphuka, lishintsha liye kwi-turbo enkulu yamandla amaningi.
Abanye abenzi bezimoto bathathe indawo ye-turbocharger eqhutshwa yi-turbocharger eqhutshwa ngendabuko nge-turbos kagesi, ethuthukisa kakhulu isikhathi sokuphendula futhi isuse i-lag, ukuhlinzeka ngokusheshisa okusheshayo nokubushelelezi.
Amanye ama-automos axhume ngqo i-turbo ngqo enjini, adala ubuchwepheshe obukhulu. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhuphula kuhanjiswa khona manjalo, njengoba kuqhutshwa ngomshini yinjini, kuqeda i-lag ehambisana nama-turbos endabuko.
Ubuchwepheshe obukhazimulayo obukhazimulayo bufika ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziphambili: izimpande ama-supercharger, i-lysholm (noma isikulufa) ama-supercharger, nama-supercharger asemasentiful. Ezimotweni zabagibeli, iningi lezinhlelo eziphakeme kakhulu zisebenzisa ukwakhiwa kwe-centrifugal supercharger ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kanye nezimpawu zokusebenza.
Umgomo we-SuperCharger we-Centrifugal Supercharger ufana nalowo we-turbocharger yendabuko, njengoba zombili izinhlelo zisebenzisa ama-turbine ama-turbine ukudonsa umoya ku-compressor ukuze ukhuphuke. Kodwa-ke, umehluko osemqoka ukuthi, esikhundleni sokuncika kumagesi wokuphelelisela ukushayela i-turbine, i-supercharger ye-centrifugal inikwa amandla ngqo yinjini uqobo. Uma nje injini isebenza, iSupercharger ingahlinzeka ngokungafanele, ngaphandle kokukhawulelwa ngenani legesi etholakalayo. Lokhu kususa ngempumelelo udaba lwe- "Turbo Lag".
Emuva ngosuku, ama-automoker amaningi anjengeMercedes-Benz, i-Audi, i-Land Rover, Volvo, Volvo, iToyota, wonke amamodeli awethule ubuchwepheshe obukhulu. Kodwa-ke, akubanga isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba kushiywe kahle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili.
Isizathu sokuqala ukuthi ama-supercharger asebenzisa amandla enjini. Njengoba ziqhutshwa yi-crankshaft yenjini, zidinga ingxenye yamandla enjini ukuze asebenze. Lokhu kubenza balungele kuphela izinjini ezinkulu zokuxoxisana, lapho ukulahlekelwa kwamandla kungabonakali kahle.
Isibonelo, injini ye-V8 enamandla alinganiselwe ka-400 amahhashi angakhushulwa kumahhashi angama-500 e-supercharging. Kodwa-ke, injini engu-2.0l enamahhashi angama-200 angenamhlambi wokufinyelela amahhashi angama-300 esebenzisa i-supercharger, njengoba ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okusetshenziswa ngamandla ku-supercharger kungasusa ingxenye enkulu yenzuzo. Ezimweni zanamuhla ze-autotivescape, lapho izinjini ezinkulu zokuxoshwa zikhula zikhula ngenxa yemithetho yokuphuma kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kahle, isikhala sobuchwepheshe obunamandla kakhulu sehlile kakhulu.
Isizathu sesibili umthelela wokushintshwa ekulinganiseni ugesi. Izimoto eziningi ezazisebenzisa ekuqaleni ubuchwepheshe be-supercharging manje sezishintshele ezinhlelweni zikagesi ze-turboCharging. Ama-turbocharger kagesi anikela ngezikhathi zokuphendula ngokushesha, ukusebenza kahle okukhulu, futhi angasebenza ngokuzimela kwamandla enjini, abenze inketho ekhanga ngokwengeziwe kumongo we-hybrid kanye nezimoto zikagesi.
Isibonelo, izimoto ezinjenge-Audi Q5 neVolvo XC90, kanye nomvikeli we-Land Rover, owake wabamba kwinguqulo yayo ye-V8 Supercharged, afake ama-supercharging mehendi. Ngokuhlomisa i-turbo ngemoto kagesi, umsebenzi wokushayela ama-turbine blades udluliselwe emotweni kagesi, ukuvumela amandla agcwele enjini athunyelwa ngqo emasondweni. Lokhu akuphefu kuphela inqubo yokuqinisa amandla kepha futhi kuqeda isidingo senjini ukudela amandla amakhulu, ukuhlinzeka ngenzuzo esheshayo yokuphendula ngokushesha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okusebenzayo.
umzemari
Njengamanje, izimoto eziphakeme kakhulu ziya ngokuya zivela emakethe. Kodwa-ke, kukhona amahlebezi okuthi i-Ford Mustang ingahle ibe nenjini ye-5.2L V8, enobuhle obuhle kakhulu. Ngenkathi inkambiso iguqukele emalini ebuchwepheshe kagesi ne-turboCharging, kusekhona amathuba okuba mshini wokubuyisa amamodeli athile aphezulu asebenza kahle.
I-Mechan SuperCharging, yake yabheka njengezinto ezikhethekile kumamodeli wokugcina aphezulu, kubukeka sengathi kukhona izinkampani ezimbalwa zezimoto ezizimisele ukusho okuqhubekayo, kanye nokuwohloka kwamamodeli amakhulu wokufudumala, ngokushesha okukhulu kungase kungabe kusaba khona.
Isikhathi sePosi: Sep-06-2024
